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Liu Bang inherited a large empire and the foundation of imperial rule laid by the Qin court. The imperial court had direct power over the western third of the empire. He allowed other leaders to have kingdoms in the eastern part of the empire, and they had spread over most of the territory of the empire. He lowered taxes and tried to win the support of the common people by treating them less harshly than the Qin rulers before him. He began acting more tyrannical later on. With the people and as the leader of an army, he defeated his main rivals in war to become emperor.Īt first, Liu Bang emulated the rule of the Qin court, but he allowed more freedoms and usedfewer peasants for conscript labor. He was a low-level official in the Qin army but then he became an outlaw. Emperor Gaozu of Han: Liu Bang (Ruled 202–195 BC)Įmperor Gaozu, the founder of the Han, was born as Liu Bang from a peasant family. The Western Han Dynasty succeeded in stabilizing the empire, expanding its territory, increasing trade, and beginning a tradition of dynastic government staffed by Confucian scholars. The Han empire was successful politically and economically. The Western Han empire was the first large and long-surviving empire in the region.
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It was the first biographical book in Chinese history, which records the history from the age of the legendary Yellow Emperor to the reign of Emperor Wu of the Han. The most famous cultural achievement of the Han Dynasty was the Records of the Grand Historian written by Sima Qian between about 109 and 91 BC. Han Dynasty Achievement in Literature- Records of the Grand Historian
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Confucianism was revived and mixed with Legalist ideas to forma long enduring political philosophy and religion. The religious legacy of the 400-year Han era was the development of Confucianism and Daoism, and the acceptance of Mahayana Buddhism.ĭuring the Western Han era, the religion of Daoism developed and became China's major indigenous religion. A type of Buddhism was already believed by a portion of the population centuries earlier at the end of the Warring States Period of the Zhou Dynasty.īut the Yuezhi people introduced a new version called Mahayana Buddhism to the northern part of the empire when they went to Chang'an and taught about Buddhism around the year 1 BC. The Silk Road route went through territories where Buddhism was the main religion. The Silk Road trade caused cultural changes. Culture of the Han Dynasty Religions of Han They had to face many issues like the annexation of land, natural disasters, and heavy taxes.
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Merchants also had to pay double taxes in the Han Dynasty.īut the peasants at the bottom, even though their taxes were reduced during the Han Dynasty, still lived in tough conditions. Neither they nor their children could attend the imperial examination to become officials. According to the law, merchants couldn't wear silk and travelled by carriage. But they were generally not respected in society. The merchants in the Han Dynasty were rich due to the prosperous trade. People's lifestyles during the Western Han were improved significantly thanks to the economic and social stability.įor the rich landlords and nobles, who lived in the city, they had power,gained priority to wear silk, and were well educated.įor the Confucian scholars, who were respected in society, they had priority to be on the government staff in court. People's Lifestyles During the Western Han Mahayana Buddhism was first introduced into China during this time.The Han empire was much like the Roman Empire in size and population.Han Dynasty, China was known for Silk Road trade.It was divided into three periods: the Western Han (206 BC – 9 AD), the Xin Dynasty (9–23 AD), and the Eastern Han (25–220 AD).The Han empire was conquered by a peasant.End of Western Han Dynasty (86 BC – 9 AD).